Limitation periods by country

The window for claiming compensation is set by the law of the carrier's country of registration — and it varies sixfold: from one year in Poland and Belgium to six years in Ireland and Cyprus. Getting this wrong costs you the entire payout.

Updated 23 September 2026 · FlightFund editorial team

In short
  • The period follows the airline's country of registration, not your departure country or nationality.
  • The spread is wide: Poland and Belgium 1 year; Ireland, the UK and Cyprus 6 years.
  • In Germany the deadline falls on 31 December of the third year, not on the flight date.
  • Flights from six years ago are still claimable against Irish carriers.

Table by country

CountryYearsLegal basisEnforcement bodyCarriers
Belgium 1 Code de droit économique — contract of carriage Direction générale Transport aérien (SPF Mobilité) Brussels Airlines
Poland 1 Prawo lotnicze, art. 205c Civil Aviation Authority of Poland (ULC) LOT Polish Airlines
Italy 2 Codice civile, art. 2951 (carriage) Ente Nazionale per l’Aviazione Civile (ENAC) ITA Airways
Latvia 2 Latvian Civil Law — 2 years for carriage Consumer Rights Protection Centre (PTAC) airBaltic
Netherlands 2 Burgerlijk Wetboek, art. 8:1835 Inspectie Leefomgeving en Transport (ILT) Transavia, KLM
Switzerland 2 Swiss Code of Obligations, art. 128 Federal Office of Civil Aviation (FOCA) SWISS
Austria 3 ABGB §1489 Austro Control / apf (Agency for Passenger Rights) Austrian Airlines
Germany 3 BGB §195, counted until 31 December of the third year Luftfahrt-Bundesamt (LBA) Eurowings, Lufthansa
Norway 3 Norwegian Limitation Act §2 Transportklagenemnda (Norwegian Transport Complaints Board) Norwegian
Portugal 3 Código Civil, arts. 309 and 498 Autoridade Nacional da Aviação Civil (ANAC) TAP Portugal
Finland 3 Act on Limitations (Laki velan vanhentumisesta) Finnish Transport and Communications Agency (Traficom) Finnair
Czechia 3 Czech Civil Code §629 Civil Aviation Authority of the Czech Republic (ÚCL) Smartwings
Sweden and Denmark 3 Preskriptionslag (Sweden) — 10 years generally, but 3 years applies to air carriage Transportstyrelsen (Sweden) or Trafikstyrelsen (Denmark) SAS
Hungary 5 Ptk. 6:22 (Hungarian Civil Code) Hungarian Aviation Authority Wizz Air
Greece 5 Greek Civil Code, art. 250 Hellenic Civil Aviation Authority (HCAA) Aegean Airlines
Spain 5 Código Civil, art. 1964 Agencia Estatal de Seguridad Aérea (AESA) Vueling, Iberia
France 5 Code civil, art. 2224 Direction générale de l’aviation civile (DGAC) Air France
United Kingdom 6 Limitation Act 1980 (5 years in Scotland) Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) Ryanair UK, British Airways, Virgin Atlantic
United Kingdom and Austria 6 Limitation Act 1980 for the UK entity, ABGB §1489 for the Austrian one Civil Aviation Authority (UK) or Austro Control (Austria) easyJet
Ireland 6 Statute of Limitations Act 1957 Commission for Aviation Regulation (CAR) Ryanair
Cyprus 6 Limitation of Actionable Rights Law 2012 Department of Civil Aviation Cyprus

Periods apply to claims under Regulation 261/2004 and are based on the general civil law of each country. In disputed cases the final period is determined by a court, so do not leave it to the last month.

How to work out the period for your flight

Check which airline actually operated the flight — on a codeshare this may not be the carrier you bought the ticket from; what counts is the operator. Then find its country of registration, shown on every airline page in our directory. The period runs from the flight date. If it is close to expiry, file immediately: sending a claim does not itself suspend the clock, but it puts your position on record.

Countries outside EU261

Russia

Domestic Russian flights are governed by Article 120 of the Russian Air Code: 25% of the minimum wage per hour of delay, capped at 50% of the ticket price. The limitation period is 3 years.

Türkiye

Turkey is outside the EU but has applied the national SHY-PASSENGER regulation since 2011, largely modelled on EU261. Complaints go to the Turkish Directorate General of Civil Aviation (SHGM). The limitation period is 2 years.

United Arab Emirates

The UAE does not apply EU261. Passenger rights are governed by GCAA rules and the contract of carriage. EU compensation is possible only if the flight departed from an EU airport.

Qatar

Qatar does not apply EU261. EU compensation is available only for flights departing from an EU airport. Otherwise the Montreal Convention applies, covering proven damages but not fixed compensation.

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan is outside the EU. Passenger rights follow national carriage rules. EU compensation applies only to departures from EU airports.

Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan is outside the EU. EU compensation applies only to departures from EU airports.

Israel

Israel has its own Aviation Services Law (2012) with amounts comparable to the European ones. EU261 applies to departures from EU airports.

Serbia

Serbia is outside the EU but has adopted a national regulation harmonised with EU261 under the ECAA agreement. Amounts and delay thresholds match the European ones.

Belarus

Belarus does not apply EU261. EU compensation applies only to departures from EU airports.

Check your flight in a minute
Open the calculator
File a claim in 3 minutes

The fee is deducted only from the compensation recovered. No payout — no fee.

← Guides How to answer an airline refusal What you actually keep Airlines